Infrapatellar fat pad

Anatomical structure in the knee

Diagram showing the location of the infrapatellar fat pad in relation to the knee joint.

The infrapatellar fat pad, also known as Hoffa's fat pad, is a soft tissue structure located in the knee joint. It is situated below the patella (kneecap) and behind the patellar tendon. This fat pad is an important anatomical feature that plays a role in the biomechanics of the knee.

Anatomy

The infrapatellar fat pad is a triangular-shaped mass of adipose tissue. It is bordered anteriorly by the patellar tendon, posteriorly by the tibia and the femur, and superiorly by the inferior pole of the patella. The fat pad is richly innervated and vascularized, which makes it sensitive to pain and inflammation.

Function

The primary function of the infrapatellar fat pad is to act as a cushion and to reduce friction between the moving parts of the knee joint. It helps in distributing synovial fluid, which lubricates the joint, and assists in the shock absorption during activities such as walking, running, and jumping.

Clinical Significance

The infrapatellar fat pad can become inflamed, a condition known as Hoffa's syndrome or fat pad impingement. This can occur due to trauma, overuse, or surgery. Symptoms include anterior knee pain, swelling, and restricted movement. Treatment may involve rest, physical therapy, anti-inflammatory medications, or in some cases, surgical intervention.

Related pages

• Knee joint
• Patellar tendon
• Synovial joint
• Hoffa's syndrome