Interferon-lambda receptor

Interferon-lambda receptor (IFNLR) is a type of receptor that is involved in the immune response of the body. It is a part of the interferon family of receptors and specifically binds to the interferon-lambda (IFN-λ) cytokines.

Structure

The interferon-lambda receptor is a heterodimeric receptor complex that is composed of two subunits: IFNLR1 and IL10RB. The IFNLR1 subunit is unique to the IFNLR, while the IL10RB subunit is shared with several other cytokine receptors.

Function

The primary function of the interferon-lambda receptor is to mediate the biological activities of the interferon-lambda cytokines. When IFN-λ binds to the IFNLR, it triggers a cascade of intracellular events that lead to the expression of numerous interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). These ISGs have antiviral, antiproliferative, and immunomodulatory effects.

Clinical significance

The interferon-lambda receptor plays a crucial role in the immune response to viral infections, particularly in the epithelial cells of the respiratory, gastrointestinal, and reproductive tracts. Mutations in the genes encoding the IFNLR can lead to impaired antiviral immunity and increased susceptibility to viral infections.

In addition, the IFNLR is being investigated as a potential therapeutic target in various diseases, including hepatitis C, multiple sclerosis, and certain types of cancer.

See also

• Interferon
• Interferon lambda receptor 1
• Interleukin-10 receptor, beta subunit
• Cytokine receptor

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