Interleukin-13 receptor

Interleukin-13 receptor (IL-13R) is a type of protein that is encoded by the IL13RA1 gene in humans. It is a part of the interleukin receptor family, which plays a crucial role in the immune system.

Structure

The IL-13R is a complex structure composed of two chains, IL-13Rα1 and IL-13Rα2. The IL-13Rα1 chain is shared with the IL-4 receptor, while the IL-13Rα2 chain is unique to the IL-13 receptor. The IL-13Rα1 chain is necessary for IL-13-mediated signaling, while the IL-13Rα2 chain acts as a decoy receptor, binding IL-13 without transmitting a signal.

Function

The IL-13R plays a significant role in the immune response. It is involved in the signaling of IL-13, a cytokine that influences the inflammatory response, tissue remodeling, and the control of cell growth and differentiation. The IL-13R is expressed in various cell types, including B cells, T cells, macrophages, and fibroblasts.

Clinical significance

Alterations in the IL-13R have been associated with various diseases. Overexpression of the IL-13Rα2 chain has been observed in several types of cancer, including glioblastoma, ovarian cancer, and head and neck cancer. This overexpression has been linked to tumor progression and poor prognosis. In addition, mutations in the IL13RA1 gene have been associated with primary immunodeficiency, a group of disorders characterized by an impaired immune response.

See also

• Interleukin-13
• Interleukin-4 receptor
• Interleukin receptor