Interleukin-23

Interleukin-23 (IL-23) is a cytokine that plays a crucial role in the immune system. It is produced by dendritic cells and macrophages in response to pathogens and is involved in inflammatory responses and the differentiation of T cells.

Structure

IL-23 is a heterodimeric cytokine composed of two subunits: the p19 subunit, which is unique to IL-23, and the p40 subunit, which is shared with IL-12. The p19 subunit is encoded by the IL23A gene, while the p40 subunit is encoded by the IL12B gene.

Function

IL-23 is involved in the differentiation of naive T cells into Th17 cells, which play a key role in the immune response to extracellular bacteria and fungi. It also promotes the production of other pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-17, IL-22, and TNF-alpha.

Role in disease

Due to its role in inflammation, IL-23 has been implicated in several autoimmune diseases, including psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease. Inhibitors of IL-23, such as ustekinumab and guselkumab, have been developed as treatments for these conditions.

See also

• Interleukin
• Cytokine
• Immune system
• Autoimmune disease