Interleukin-31 receptor

Interleukin-31 receptor (IL-31R) is a type of protein that in humans is encoded by the IL31RA gene. It is a component of the immune system, specifically involved in the process of inflammation and immune response.

Structure

The IL-31R is a heterodimeric receptor complex that consists of IL-31 receptor A (IL-31RA) and oncostatin M receptor (OSMR). The IL-31RA is a type I cytokine receptor, and it is primarily expressed on epithelial cells and keratinocytes. The OSMR is a type II cytokine receptor, and it is expressed on a variety of cell types, including fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and immune cells.

Function

The primary function of the IL-31R is to bind to its ligand, interleukin-31 (IL-31), a cytokine that is produced by activated T cells. Upon binding to IL-31, the IL-31R activates the JAK/STAT signaling pathway, leading to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. This process plays a crucial role in the development of various inflammatory diseases, such as atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and pruritus.

Clinical significance

Due to its role in inflammation and immune response, the IL-31R has been implicated in a number of diseases. For example, increased expression of IL-31R has been observed in patients with atopic dermatitis and psoriasis, suggesting that it may be a potential therapeutic target for these conditions. In addition, studies have shown that blocking the IL-31R can reduce inflammation and pruritus in animal models, further supporting its potential as a therapeutic target.

See also

• Interleukin-31
• Cytokine receptor
• Inflammation
• Immune response