Interphalangeal articulations of hand

The interphalangeal articulations of the hand are the hinge joints between the phalanges of the fingers. There are two sets of interphalangeal joints in each finger, except for the thumb, which has only one set.

Structure

The interphalangeal joints are classified as hinge joints, which allow for flexion and extension. Each joint is surrounded by a joint capsule, reinforced by collateral ligaments on either side and a volar plate on the palmar side.

Proximal Interphalangeal Joints

The proximal interphalangeal joints (PIP joints) are located between the first (proximal) and second (middle) phalanges. These joints are crucial for the fine motor movements of the fingers.

Distal Interphalangeal Joints

The distal interphalangeal joints (DIP joints) are located between the second (middle) and third (distal) phalanges. These joints contribute to the dexterity and grip strength of the hand.

Function

The primary function of the interphalangeal joints is to facilitate the flexion and extension of the fingers, which is essential for grasping and manipulating objects. The range of motion in these joints is limited to a single plane, characteristic of hinge joints.

Clinical Significance

Interphalangeal joints are commonly affected by conditions such as osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, which can lead to pain, stiffness, and deformity. Injuries such as sprains and dislocations can also occur, often requiring medical intervention.

See Also

• Metacarpophalangeal joint
• Carpometacarpal joint
• Hand anatomy

References

• Gray's Anatomy
• Netter's Atlas of Human Anatomy

External Links

• Interphalangeal articulations of hand on WikiMD