Intimal cushion

Intimal Cushion

The Intimal Cushion is a term used in Anatomy and Pathology to describe a thickening of the Intima, the innermost layer of an arterial wall. This thickening is often associated with various cardiovascular diseases and conditions, such as Atherosclerosis and Hypertension.

Structure

The intimal cushion is formed by the proliferation of smooth muscle cells and the deposition of extracellular matrix components. This results in a thickened, cushion-like structure within the arterial wall. The intimal cushion is most commonly found in larger arteries, such as the Aorta and Coronary arteries.

Function

The function of the intimal cushion is not fully understood. However, it is believed to play a role in the regulation of blood flow and blood pressure. The thickening of the intima may also serve as a protective mechanism against the mechanical stress exerted by the blood flow on the arterial wall.

Clinical significance

The formation of an intimal cushion is often associated with the development of cardiovascular diseases. In atherosclerosis, the intimal cushion can become calcified, leading to the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques can obstruct blood flow and lead to serious health complications, such as heart attacks and strokes.

In hypertension, the intimal cushion can contribute to the narrowing of the arterial lumen, leading to increased blood pressure. This can result in damage to various organs, such as the heart, kidneys, and brain.

See also

• Arteriosclerosis
• Endothelium
• Vascular smooth muscle