Irritable

Bowel Syndrome.

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common gastrointestinal disorder characterized by chronic abdominal pain and altered bowel habits without any organic cause. It is a functional disorder, meaning that it is caused by changes in how the gastrointestinal (GI) tract works.

Symptoms

The primary symptoms of IBS are abdominal pain and altered bowel habits. Other symptoms can include bloating, increased gas (flatulence), mucus in the stool, and the sensation of incomplete bowel movements. The severity and type of symptoms can vary from person to person, and they may come and go over time.

Causes

The exact cause of IBS is unknown, but it is believed to be due to a combination of factors including abnormal gastrointestinal motility, increased sensitivity to pain in the gut, and psychological factors. Some people may develop IBS after a gastrointestinal infection, a phenomenon known as post-infectious IBS.

Diagnosis

IBS is diagnosed based on the presence of characteristic symptoms, the absence of alarming features, and the exclusion of other gastrointestinal diseases. The Rome criteria are often used to help diagnose IBS.

Treatment

Treatment for IBS focuses on relieving symptoms. This can include dietary modifications, medications, and psychological therapies. There is no known cure for IBS, but many people find that their symptoms can be managed with the right treatment plan.

Epidemiology

IBS is a common condition, affecting about 10-15% of the population worldwide. It is more common in women than in men, and it often begins in early adulthood.

See also

• Functional gastrointestinal disorder
• Gastroenterology
• Rome criteria