Jérôme Lejeune

Jérôme Lejeune (13 June 1926 – 3 April 1994) was a French pediatrician and geneticist, best known for his discovery of the link of diseases to chromosome abnormalities, most notably identifying Trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) as a chromosomal anomaly in 1959. His work has had a profound impact on genetics, medicine, and the care of individuals with genetic disorders.

Early Life and Education[edit | edit source]

Jérôme Lejeune was born in Montrouge, Hauts-de-Seine, France. He pursued his education in medicine at the University of Paris, where he specialized in pediatrics and developed an interest in genetic diseases affecting children.

Career[edit | edit source]

Lejeune's career was marked by his dedication to understanding the genetic basis of developmental disorders. In 1959, while working at the National Centre for Scientific Research in Paris, he discovered that Down syndrome, also known as trisomy 21, was caused by an extra chromosome on the 21st pair. This groundbreaking discovery opened the door for genetic research in intellectual disabilities and other chromosomal disorders. Throughout his career, Lejeune also identified several other chromosomal abnormalities, including the chromosome deletion in Cri-du-Chat syndrome and the extra chromosome in Patau syndrome. His work significantly advanced the field of cytogenetics and laid the foundation for prenatal diagnosis and modern genetic counseling.

Advocacy and Later Life[edit | edit source]

Lejeune was a devout Catholic and became increasingly involved in pro-life advocacy, particularly concerning the ethical implications of prenatal diagnosis and abortion. His stance led to both acclaim and controversy, especially among those who feared that genetic information could be used to justify abortion. In 1994, Jérôme Lejeune passed away after a battle with lung cancer. His legacy continues through the Fondation Jérôme Lejeune, which supports research, care, and advocacy for individuals with genetic intellectual disabilities.

Legacy[edit | edit source]

Lejeune's work has had a lasting impact on the fields of genetics and medicine. He is remembered not only for his scientific discoveries but also for his humanitarian efforts to improve the lives of individuals with genetic conditions. In 2021, Pope Francis recognized his virtues, advancing his cause for canonization in the Catholic Church.