JWH-019
Overview[edit | edit source]
JWH-019 is a synthetic cannabinoid that acts as a potent agonist of the cannabinoid receptors. It is part of the naphthoylindole family of synthetic cannabinoids, which are often used in research to study the endocannabinoid system.
Chemical Structure[edit | edit source]
JWH-019 is chemically classified as a naphthoylindole, with the full chemical name being 1-hexyl-3-(naphthalen-1-oyl)indole. The structure consists of a naphthalene group attached to an indole core, with a hexyl chain at the nitrogen atom of the indole.
Pharmacology[edit | edit source]
JWH-019 functions as a full agonist at both the CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors. These receptors are part of the G protein-coupled receptor family and are primarily involved in the modulation of neurotransmitter release in the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system.
CB1 Receptor[edit | edit source]
The CB1 receptor is predominantly found in the brain and is responsible for the psychoactive effects of cannabinoids. JWH-019's interaction with this receptor can lead to effects similar to those of THC, the primary psychoactive component of cannabis.
CB2 Receptor[edit | edit source]
The CB2 receptor is mainly located in the immune system and peripheral tissues. Activation of this receptor by JWH-019 can influence immune response and inflammation.
Legal Status[edit | edit source]
Due to its potential for abuse and lack of medical use, JWH-019 is classified as a controlled substance in many countries. It is often included in legislation targeting synthetic cannabinoids and "designer drugs."
Synthesis[edit | edit source]
The synthesis of JWH-019 involves the reaction of 1-naphthoyl chloride with 1-hexylindole in the presence of a base. This process is similar to the synthesis of other naphthoylindole cannabinoids, such as JWH-018.
Potential Effects and Risks[edit | edit source]
JWH-019, like other synthetic cannabinoids, can produce a range of effects including euphoria, altered perception, and relaxation. However, it can also lead to adverse effects such as anxiety, paranoia, and tachycardia. The long-term health effects of JWH-019 use are not well understood, and its use is associated with significant health risks.
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
