KLK8

KLK8 (Kallikrein-8) is a serine protease that is encoded by the KLK8 gene in humans. This enzyme plays a crucial role in the central nervous system (CNS), particularly in neuronal plasticity and memory formation. It is also implicated in skin desquamation and various pathological conditions, including cancer and neurodegenerative diseases.

Function

KLK8 is involved in the processing of neuropeptides and other proteins within the CNS, facilitating neuronal communication and plasticity. It is known to cleave amyloid precursor protein (APP), suggesting a potential role in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease. In the skin, KLK8 contributes to the natural process of desquamation, helping to remove dead skin cells and maintain skin health.

Gene and Expression

The KLK8 gene is part of the kallikrein gene family, a group of serine proteases with diverse physiological functions. It is located on chromosome 19 in a cluster with other kallikrein genes. Expression of KLK8 is regulated by various hormones and is found predominantly in the brain and skin, although it can also be detected in other tissues.

Clinical Significance

Alterations in the expression or activity of KLK8 have been associated with several diseases. In cancer, KLK8 may act as a biomarker for diagnosis or prognosis, particularly in ovarian cancer and breast cancer. Its role in neurodegenerative diseases is under investigation, with research focusing on its potential involvement in Alzheimer's disease through the processing of APP.

Research

Ongoing research aims to further elucidate the physiological and pathological roles of KLK8. This includes its potential as a therapeutic target in diseases where its activity is dysregulated. Inhibitors of KLK8 are being explored for the treatment of skin conditions and neurodegenerative diseases, highlighting the enzyme's significance in both health and disease.