Kampot pepper

Variety of pepper grown in Kampot, Cambodia

Kampot pepper is a variety of pepper (Piper nigrum) grown and produced in the Kampot Province of Cambodia. Renowned for its unique flavor profile, Kampot pepper is considered one of the finest peppers in the world and has been granted Geographical Indication (GI) status, similar to products like Champagne and Parma ham.

History

Kampot peppercorns

The cultivation of pepper in the Kampot region dates back to at least the 13th century, during the time of the Khmer Empire. However, it was during the French colonial period in the late 19th and early 20th centuries that Kampot pepper gained international recognition. The French appreciated its distinct flavor and began exporting it to Europe, where it became a staple in fine dining.

After the Khmer Rouge regime, which devastated the agricultural sector in Cambodia, Kampot pepper production was revived in the late 20th century. Today, it is a symbol of Cambodian cultural heritage and economic revival.

Cultivation

Kampot pepper is grown in the fertile soils of the Kampot and Kep provinces, benefiting from the region's unique microclimate. The pepper plants are typically grown on wooden poles, and the cultivation process is highly labor-intensive, involving careful handpicking and sorting of the peppercorns.

The pepper is available in several varieties, including black, red, and white, each with distinct characteristics:

• Black Kampot Pepper: Harvested when the berries are still green, then sun-dried, resulting in a strong, aromatic flavor with hints of eucalyptus and mint.
• Red Kampot Pepper: Left to ripen fully on the vine, these berries are sun-dried, producing a sweet, fruity flavor.
• White Kampot Pepper: Made from red peppercorns that have been soaked to remove the outer skin, revealing a creamy, delicate flavor.

Flavor Profile

Kampot pepper is celebrated for its complex flavor profile, which includes floral, eucalyptus, and minty notes, with a lingering heat that is both intense and refined. This makes it a favorite among chefs and gourmets worldwide.

Economic and Cultural Significance

Kep Crab Market, a popular place to find Kampot pepper

Kampot pepper is not only a culinary treasure but also an important economic asset for the region. The GI status helps protect the authenticity and quality of the product, ensuring that only pepper grown in the designated area can be labeled as "Kampot pepper."

The pepper is often used in traditional Cambodian dishes, such as amok and lok lak, and is a key ingredient in the famous Kep crab dishes.

Tourism

The Kampot region has become a popular destination for tourists interested in gastronomy and agriculture. Visitors can tour pepper farms, learn about the cultivation process, and taste the different varieties of Kampot pepper.

Related Pages

• Piper nigrum
• Geographical Indication
• Khmer cuisine
• Kampot Province

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Samai rum, often paired with Kampot pepper