Kisspeptin

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Kisspeptin is a protein that is encoded by the KISS1 gene in humans. It is a potent stimulator of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion and plays a crucial role in the regulation of the reproductive system.

Function[edit | edit source]

Kisspeptin is a key regulator of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, which is responsible for the control of reproductive function. It acts by binding to the Kiss1 receptor (KISS1R), also known as GPR54, a G-protein coupled receptor located on GnRH neurons. This binding triggers the release of GnRH, which in turn stimulates the release of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) from the anterior pituitary gland. These hormones are essential for the regulation of ovulation in females and spermatogenesis in males.

Clinical significance[edit | edit source]

Alterations in the kisspeptin system have been associated with a variety of reproductive disorders. Mutations in the KISS1 or KISS1R genes can lead to hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, a condition characterized by delayed or absent puberty and infertility. Conversely, overexpression of kisspeptin has been implicated in the development of precocious puberty, a condition where puberty occurs at an unusually early age.

In addition, kisspeptin has been investigated as a potential therapeutic target for reproductive disorders. For example, kisspeptin agonists are being explored as potential treatments for conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and hypothalamic amenorrhea.

See also[edit | edit source]

Resources[edit source]

Latest articles - Kisspeptin

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