Korea under Japanese rule

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== Korea under Japanese rule ==

Korea under Japanese rule refers to the period between 1910 and 1945 when Korea was under the control of the Empire of Japan. This era began with the Japan–Korea Treaty of 1910, which resulted in the annexation of Korea by Japan, and ended with Japan's defeat in World War II.

Background

The roots of Japanese control over Korea can be traced back to the late 19th century. During this period, Japan sought to expand its influence in East Asia. The First Sino-Japanese War (1894-1895) and the Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905) were significant conflicts that allowed Japan to assert its dominance over Korea. The Treaty of Portsmouth and the Eulsa Treaty of 1905 made Korea a protectorate of Japan, setting the stage for full annexation in 1910.

Annexation

The Japan–Korea Treaty of 1910 was signed on August 22, 1910, and officially declared on August 29, 1910. This treaty effectively dissolved the Korean Empire and established Korea as a part of the Japanese Empire. The Korean Emperor Gojong was forced to abdicate, and the Japanese Governor-General of Korea was installed as the highest authority in the region.

Administration

The Japanese administration in Korea was characterized by strict control and efforts to assimilate Koreans into Japanese culture. The Governor-General of Korea held significant power, overseeing all aspects of governance, including the police, military, and education systems. The Japanese implemented policies aimed at suppressing Korean culture and promoting Japanese language and customs.

Economic Exploitation

Under Japanese rule, Korea underwent significant economic changes. The Japanese invested in infrastructure, including railways, roads, and ports, to facilitate the extraction of resources. However, these developments primarily benefited Japan, and many Koreans were subjected to harsh labor conditions. The agricultural sector was heavily exploited, with Korean farmers often losing their land to Japanese settlers.

Cultural Suppression

The Japanese authorities implemented policies to suppress Korean culture and identity. Korean language and history were removed from the school curriculum, and Koreans were encouraged to adopt Japanese names. Traditional Korean customs and practices were discouraged, and many cultural artifacts were destroyed or taken to Japan.

Resistance and Independence Movements

Despite the oppressive regime, Koreans actively resisted Japanese rule. The March 1st Movement of 1919 was a significant nationwide protest that called for Korean independence. Although the movement was brutally suppressed, it inspired further resistance efforts. The Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea was established in Shanghai in 1919, and various armed resistance groups, such as the Korean Liberation Army, continued to fight for independence.

End of Japanese Rule

Japanese rule in Korea ended with Japan's defeat in World War II. Following the Surrender of Japan on August 15, 1945, Korea was liberated. The country was subsequently divided along the 38th parallel into Soviet and American occupation zones, leading to the establishment of North Korea and South Korea.

Related Pages

• Korean Empire
• March 1st Movement
• Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea
• Governor-General of Korea
• Japan–Korea Treaty of 1910
• First Sino-Japanese War
• Russo-Japanese War
• World War II
• Surrender of Japan
• North Korea
• South Korea