Kupffer cell

Kupffer cells are specialized macrophages located in the liver, named after Karl Wilhelm von Kupffer who first identified them. They form part of the mononuclear phagocyte system, a network of cells that play a crucial role in the body's immune response.

Function

Kupffer cells are primarily responsible for the removal of old, damaged or abnormal red blood cells from the bloodstream. They also play a role in the immune response, producing cytokines and other signaling molecules that help to coordinate the body's response to infection and inflammation.

Structure

Kupffer cells are large, irregularly shaped cells with numerous projections that extend into the sinusoidal lumen of the liver. They are located in the sinusoidal endothelium, the thin layer of cells that lines the liver's blood vessels.

Role in Disease

Kupffer cells can contribute to the development of several liver diseases, including cirrhosis, hepatitis, and liver cancer. They can also play a role in systemic diseases such as sepsis and malaria, as these conditions can significantly affect the function of the liver.

Research

Research into Kupffer cells is ongoing, with scientists seeking to better understand their role in health and disease. This research could potentially lead to new treatments for a range of liver and systemic diseases.

See Also

• Liver
• Macrophage
• Mononuclear phagocyte system
• Cirrhosis
• Hepatitis
• Liver cancer
• Sepsis
• Malaria