LGBT history in Italy

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LGBT history in Italy refers to the historical development and social changes regarding lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) individuals and communities in Italy. The history of LGBT rights and recognition in Italy has evolved significantly from ancient times to the present day.

Ancient Rome

In Ancient Rome, same-sex relationships were relatively common and accepted, particularly among men. Roman society did not categorize individuals based on their sexual orientation but rather on their roles in sexual activities. The Roman Empire saw various emperors, such as Hadrian, who had well-documented relationships with men.

Middle Ages

During the Middle Ages, the influence of the Catholic Church led to the criminalization and persecution of same-sex relationships. The Inquisition and other religious authorities condemned and punished those who engaged in homosexual acts.

Renaissance

The Renaissance period saw a resurgence of interest in classical antiquity, including more liberal attitudes towards sexuality. However, the Catholic Church's influence remained strong, and sodomy was still punishable by death.

19th Century

In the 19th century, the unification of Italy brought about the Kingdom of Italy, which adopted the Napoleonic Code. This code decriminalized homosexual acts between consenting adults in private, a significant step forward for LGBT rights.

20th Century

The early 20th century saw a mix of progress and setbacks for LGBT individuals in Italy. The Fascist regime under Benito Mussolini was hostile towards homosexuality, leading to increased persecution.

Post-World War II

After World War II, Italy became a republic, and the new constitution guaranteed certain civil liberties. However, societal attitudes towards LGBT individuals remained largely negative.

1970s and 1980s

The 1970s and 1980s marked the beginning of the modern LGBT rights movement in Italy. Activist groups such as Fuori! (Fronte Unitario Omosessuale Rivoluzionario Italiano) emerged, advocating for greater rights and recognition.

1990s to Present

The 1990s and 2000s saw significant legal and social advancements for LGBT individuals in Italy. In 2016, Italy legalized civil unions for same-sex couples, providing them with many of the same rights as married heterosexual couples. However, same-sex marriage remains unrecognized.

Related Pages

• LGBT rights in Italy
• History of Italy
• Civil unions in Italy
• LGBT rights by country or territory
• LGBT social movements