LGBT rights by country or territory

Laws concerning gender identity-expression by country or territory

LGBT rights at the UN (2011)

Homosexual "propaganda" laws by country or territory

Decriminalization of homosexuality by country or territory (remastered)

Equalization of age of consent laws for same-sex couples by country or territory'

LGBT rights by country or territory concern the laws and policies affecting Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) individuals around the world. These rights can vary greatly by country or territory, encompassing everything from the legal recognition of same-sex marriage to the death penalty as punishment for same-sex sexual activity.

Overview

LGBT rights are considered human rights by international bodies such as the United Nations and the European Court of Human Rights. Despite this, the legal situation for LGBT individuals varies significantly across the globe. In some countries, LGBT individuals can marry, adopt children, and are protected from discrimination by law. In others, they face severe penalties for expressing their sexuality or gender identity.

Same-Sex Marriage

Same-sex marriage is legal in numerous countries, including the United States, Canada, Brazil, and various European nations such as Spain, France, and the Netherlands. These countries grant same-sex couples the same legal rights as heterosexual couples, including inheritance, adoption, and spousal benefits.

Discrimination Protections

Many countries have enacted laws to protect LGBT individuals from discrimination in employment, housing, and public accommodations. The European Union mandates such protections for its member states, but the degree of protection varies from one country to another.

Criminalization of Homosexuality

In contrast, homosexuality is still criminalized in several parts of the world, particularly in certain African, Middle Eastern, and Caribbean countries. Punishments range from fines and imprisonment to the death penalty in nations such as Iran and Saudi Arabia.

By Region

The status of LGBT rights varies significantly by region, reflecting differing cultural, religious, and political attitudes towards LGBT individuals.

Africa

In Africa, LGBT rights are severely restricted in many countries. Same-sex sexual activity is illegal in over 30 African countries, with punishments including imprisonment and, in some cases, the death penalty.

Asia

Asia's stance on LGBT rights is mixed, with some countries like Taiwan embracing same-sex marriage, while others, such as Indonesia and Malaysia, impose strict penalties for same-sex activities.

Europe

Europe is generally progressive regarding LGBT rights, with many countries recognizing same-sex marriage and offering comprehensive protections against discrimination. However, there are exceptions, particularly in Eastern Europe and parts of the Balkans, where LGBT individuals face significant legal and social challenges.

North America

In North America, Canada and the United States have made significant strides in LGBT rights, including the legalization of same-sex marriage. However, attitudes and laws vary significantly across the United States, with some states offering more protections than others.

Latin America

Latin America has seen a notable shift towards the recognition of LGBT rights, with countries like Argentina, Brazil, and Colombia legalizing same-sex marriage and adopting anti-discrimination laws.

Oceania

Oceania presents a mixed picture, with Australia and New Zealand being very progressive in terms of LGBT rights, while some Pacific Island nations maintain laws that criminalize homosexuality.

Challenges and Activism

Despite progress in many parts of the world, LGBT individuals often face discrimination, violence, and lack of legal protection. Activists and organizations continue to fight for equal rights, legal reforms, and social acceptance across the globe.