La Désirade

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ISS034-E-12371 - View of the Lesser Antilles (cropped to La Désirade)

La Désirade is an island located in the French West Indies. It is part of the Guadeloupe archipelago, which is an overseas region of France. The island is situated to the east of Grande-Terre, one of the main islands of Guadeloupe, separated by the Desirade Passage. La Désirade is approximately 11 kilometers long and 2 kilometers wide, making it a small but significant part of the Guadeloupe islands.

History

The history of La Désirade dates back to its first known inhabitants, the Arawak people, who were later displaced by the Caribs. Christopher Columbus was the first European to sight the island on November 2, 1493, during his second voyage to the New World. The name La Désirade is said to have originated from Columbus's crew, who, after a long period at sea, were desirous of sighting land; thus, the island was named "La Désirada," meaning "the desired one" in French.

In the 17th century, the island became a French possession. It was initially used as a quarantine island for Europeans suffering from leprosy before being developed for agriculture. Over the centuries, La Désirade has been largely involved in sugar cane cultivation, livestock farming, and fishing, which remain important to its economy today.

Geography

La Désirade is characterized by its dry climate and rocky landscape. The highest point on the island is the Grande Montagne, which reaches an elevation of 276 meters. The island's geology is notable for its limestone base, which has contributed to the formation of several caves and unique flora and fauna. The surrounding coral reefs are part of a protected marine area, which supports a diverse marine life.

Flora and Fauna

The island's dry climate supports a unique ecosystem, including cacti and other drought-resistant plants. La Désirade is also home to several endemic species, such as the Desirade iguana. The surrounding waters are rich in marine biodiversity, including coral reefs that are home to a variety of tropical fish, sea turtles, and other marine species.

Economy

The economy of La Désirade is primarily based on fishing, agriculture, and tourism. The island's remote location and natural beauty make it a popular destination for tourists seeking a quiet and unspoiled environment. Local crafts and products, such as traditional Creole cuisine, are also important to the island's economy.

Culture

La Désirade has a rich cultural heritage that reflects a blend of African, European, and indigenous influences. Traditional music, dance, and festivals play an important role in the island's cultural life. The annual Fête de la Mer (Sea Festival) is a significant event that celebrates the island's maritime heritage and patron saint.

Transportation

Access to La Désirade is primarily by boat, with regular ferry services from Grande-Terre. The island also has a small airstrip for light aircraft. Once on the island, transportation is mainly by car, bicycle, or on foot, allowing visitors to explore the natural beauty of the island at a leisurely pace.

Conclusion

La Désirade is a unique and enchanting destination within the Guadeloupe archipelago, offering visitors a glimpse into a tranquil and pristine environment. Its rich history, diverse ecosystem, and vibrant culture make it a fascinating place for those interested in the Caribbean's natural beauty and heritage.