Lactarius salmoneus

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Lactarius salmoneus Peck 879182

Lactarius salmoneus is a species of mushroom belonging to the large genus Lactarius, which is part of the Russulaceae family. This particular species is noted for its distinctive salmon-pink coloration and is found in North America, particularly in coniferous forests where it forms mycorrhizal associations with the roots of pine trees. Like many members of the Lactarius genus, Lactarius salmoneus exudes a milky latex when the flesh is damaged, a characteristic feature that aids in its identification.

Description

Lactarius salmoneus features a cap that ranges from 4 to 10 cm in diameter, initially convex before flattening out with age, often developing a central depression. The cap's margin is initially inrolled, becoming more outspread as it matures. The surface of the cap is smooth, sometimes with zones of slightly different colors, and its salmon-pink hue is most vibrant when the mushroom is young, fading to a paler shade with age.

The gills are adnate to slightly decurrent, close, and colored similarly to the cap but may become paler as the mushroom ages. The stem of Lactarius salmoneus is cylindrical, smooth, and bears the same color as the cap, though it may be slightly paler.

One of the defining characteristics of this species is its milky latex, which is white and does not change color upon exposure to air. The latex has a mild to slightly acrid taste, which can help distinguish Lactarius salmoneus from other similar-looking species.

Habitat and Distribution

Lactarius salmoneus is primarily found in coniferous forests, especially those dominated by pine trees, with which it forms symbiotic mycorrhizal relationships. These relationships are crucial for nutrient exchange between the fungus and its host tree. The species is distributed across North America, with occurrences reported from both the United States and Canada. It fruits from late summer to fall, emerging from the forest floor among the leaf litter.

Edibility

The edibility of Lactarius salmoneus is not well-documented, and it is generally advised to regard it with caution due to the presence of its milky latex, which can be an irritant or have a bitter taste. As with many wild mushrooms, unless an expert in mycology confirms its identity and edibility, it is best not to consume it.

Conservation

There are no specific conservation concerns listed for Lactarius salmoneus at this time. However, like all wild mushrooms, its populations are dependent on healthy forest ecosystems. Conservation of its habitat, particularly the preservation of old-growth coniferous forests, is essential for maintaining the natural balance and supporting the biodiversity that includes mycorrhizal fungi like Lactarius salmoneus.