Lamella (surface anatomy)

Lamella (surface anatomy) refers to a thin layer, membrane, or plate of tissue in the human body, particularly in relation to surface anatomy. This term is often used in various contexts within biology and medicine, describing structures that are layered or stratified in nature. In surface anatomy, lamellae can be found in numerous locations and serve various functions, from providing support and protection to facilitating the diffusion of gases or fluids.

Structure

Lamellae in surface anatomy are typically composed of connective tissue, including collagen and elastin fibers, which contribute to their strength and elasticity. The specific structure of a lamella varies depending on its location and function within the body. For example, the bone lamellae, found in the compact bone, are organized into concentric rings around central canals, forming the basic unit known as the osteons or Haversian systems. In contrast, the lamellae in the cornea are parallel collagen fibrils that contribute to the cornea's transparency and refractive power.

Function

The primary function of lamellae varies by their anatomical location: - In bones, lamellae help to withstand mechanical stress and provide structural support. - In the cornea, they allow light to pass through and focus on the retina, enabling vision. - In the gills of fish, lamellae facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide, essential for respiration.

Clinical Significance

Alterations or damage to lamellar structures can lead to various medical conditions. For example, lamellar ichthyosis is a rare genetic skin disorder characterized by the formation of dark, scaly skin caused by abnormalities in the skin's lamellar structure. In orthopedics, improper alignment or damage to the bone lamellae can affect bone strength and lead to fractures or other skeletal disorders.

See Also

• Compact bone
• Cornea
• Connective tissue
• Osteon