Lance–Adams syndrome

Lance–Adams syndrome (LAS) is a rare neurological disorder characterized by the presence of myoclonus, a condition that causes involuntary muscle jerks, following a hypoxic event. The syndrome was first described by Dr. Robert Lance and Dr. W. Gordon Adams in 1963.

Etiology[edit | edit source]

The exact cause of Lance-Adams syndrome is unknown. However, it is typically observed in patients who have survived a severe brain injury or cardiac arrest that resulted in a lack of oxygen to the brain (hypoxia). The hypoxic event causes damage to the cerebellum, a part of the brain that controls muscle coordination and balance.

Symptoms[edit | edit source]

The primary symptom of Lance-Adams syndrome is myoclonus, which is characterized by sudden, involuntary jerking of a muscle or group of muscles. Other symptoms may include difficulty speaking (dysarthria), unsteadiness, and tremors. The severity of symptoms can vary widely among individuals.

Diagnosis[edit | edit source]

Diagnosis of Lance-Adams syndrome is primarily based on clinical observation of the patient's symptoms and medical history. Neurological examinations, electroencephalogram (EEG), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be used to rule out other conditions that can cause similar symptoms.

Treatment[edit | edit source]

There is no cure for Lance-Adams syndrome. Treatment is symptomatic and may include medications to control the myoclonus and physical therapy to improve muscle control and coordination.

Prognosis[edit | edit source]

The prognosis for individuals with Lance-Adams syndrome varies. Some individuals may experience a reduction in symptoms over time, while others may have persistent symptoms that affect their quality of life.