Laparoscopic

Laparoscopic surgery, also known as minimally invasive surgery or keyhole surgery, is a modern surgical technique in which operations are performed through small incisions (usually 0.5–1.5 cm) as opposed to the larger incisions needed in traditional surgical procedures.

History

The first laparoscopic procedure was performed by Georg Kelling in 1901, in Germany. The procedure was a laparoscopy in a dog, and the concept of laparoscopy was soon considered applicable to human patients.

Procedure

In a laparoscopic surgery procedure, a laparoscope, a long fiber optic cable system, is inserted through a small incision at the belly button (umbilicus). The laparoscope allows the surgeon to view the abdomen and pelvis. The abdomen is usually insufflated, or expanded, with carbon dioxide gas to create a working and viewing space.

Advantages

Laparoscopic surgery has many advantages over traditional open surgery. The primary advantages are less pain due to smaller incisions and hemorrhaging, and shorter recovery times.

Risks

While laparoscopic surgery has many benefits, it is not without risks. Complications can include infections, bleeding, and damage to organs.

Types of Laparoscopic Surgery

There are many types of laparoscopic surgeries, including cholecystectomy (removal of the gallbladder), appendectomy (removal of the appendix), and hysterectomy (removal of the uterus).

Training

Training for laparoscopic surgery involves a rigorous process of observation, practice, and mentorship. Many surgeons complete fellowships in minimally invasive surgery to gain additional experience and expertise.

Future

The future of laparoscopic surgery is promising, with ongoing advancements in technology and technique. This includes the development of robotic surgery, which can provide even greater precision and control.