Lateral collateral ligament of ankle joint

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Lateral collateral ligament of ankle joint

The lateral collateral ligament of the ankle joint is a complex of three ligaments located on the lateral side of the ankle joint. These ligaments are crucial for providing stability to the ankle and preventing excessive inversion of the foot. The three components of the lateral collateral ligament are the anterior talofibular ligament, the calcaneofibular ligament, and the posterior talofibular ligament.

Anatomy

The lateral collateral ligament complex is composed of:

• Anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL): This ligament runs from the anterior margin of the lateral malleolus to the talus bone. It is the most commonly injured ligament in ankle sprains.
• Calcaneofibular ligament (CFL): This ligament extends from the tip of the lateral malleolus to the lateral surface of the calcaneus.
• Posterior talofibular ligament (PTFL): This ligament connects the posterior aspect of the lateral malleolus to the posterior talus.

Function

The primary function of the lateral collateral ligament complex is to stabilize the ankle joint, particularly during movements that involve inversion of the foot. The ATFL is most active during plantarflexion, the CFL during dorsiflexion, and the PTFL provides stability in both positions.

Injury and Clinical Significance

Injuries to the lateral collateral ligament complex are common, especially in athletes. The most frequent injury is an ankle sprain, which often involves the ATFL. Severe sprains can also affect the CFL and PTFL. Symptoms of a lateral collateral ligament injury include pain, swelling, and instability of the ankle joint.

Diagnosis is typically made through physical examination and imaging studies such as X-ray or MRI. Treatment may involve rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE), physical therapy, and in severe cases, surgical intervention.

See Also

• Medial collateral ligament of ankle joint
• Ankle joint
• Ligament
• Sprain