Legio XXII Deiotariana

Roman Empire 125

Legio XXII Deiotariana was a Roman legion levied by Deiotarus, a Celtic king of Galatia in central Anatolia, around 48 BC. The legion was later incorporated into the Roman army by Augustus in 25 BC. The name "Deiotariana" derives from its founder, Deiotarus.

History

Formation and Early Service

The legion was originally raised by Deiotarus, who was an ally of the Roman Republic. After the death of Deiotarus, the legion was integrated into the Roman army by Augustus. It was stationed in the province of Galatia and later in Egypt.

Service in Egypt

Legio XXII Deiotariana was stationed in Egypt, where it played a crucial role in maintaining Roman control over the province. The legion was based in Nicopolis, near Alexandria, and was responsible for guarding the eastern frontier of the Roman Empire.

Jewish Revolt

During the First Jewish–Roman War (66–73 AD), the legion was involved in the suppression of the revolt. It participated in the siege of Jerusalem in 70 AD under the command of Titus.

Later Service and Disappearance

The legion continued to serve in Egypt until the early 2nd century. It is believed to have been destroyed during the Bar Kokhba revolt (132–136 AD) or possibly during the Parthian War of Lucius Verus (161–166 AD). The exact circumstances of its disappearance remain unclear.

Legacy

The legacy of Legio XXII Deiotariana is preserved through various inscriptions and historical records. The legion is an example of the integration of local military units into the Roman army and their role in the expansion and maintenance of the Roman Empire.

See Also

• Roman legion
• Deiotarus
• Galatia
• First Jewish–Roman War
• Bar Kokhba revolt
• Lucius Verus