Leiv Kreyberg

Hypertension
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Synonyms	N/A
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Headache, dizziness, shortness of breath
Complications	Heart disease, stroke, kidney failure
Onset	Gradual
Duration	Long term
Types	N/A
Causes	Genetics, diet, lifestyle
Risks	Obesity, smoking, alcohol consumption
Diagnosis	Blood pressure measurement
Differential diagnosis	N/A
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Lifestyle changes, medication
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	N/A
Frequency	Common
Deaths	N/A

Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a chronic medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated. It is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, including heart attack and stroke.

Signs and Symptoms

Hypertension is often called the "silent killer" because it typically has no symptoms until it has caused significant damage to the heart and arteries. Some people with high blood pressure may experience headaches, dizziness, or shortness of breath.

Causes

The exact cause of hypertension is often unknown, but several factors can contribute to its development, including:

• Genetics
• Unhealthy diet, particularly high salt intake
• Lack of physical activity
• Obesity
• Excessive alcohol consumption
• Smoking

Diagnosis

Hypertension is diagnosed by measuring blood pressure using a sphygmomanometer. A reading of 140/90 mmHg or higher is generally considered high.

Treatment

Treatment for hypertension typically involves lifestyle changes and medication. Lifestyle changes may include:

• Eating a healthy diet
• Reducing salt intake
• Engaging in regular physical activity
• Maintaining a healthy weight
• Limiting alcohol consumption
• Quitting smoking

Medications used to treat hypertension include diuretics, beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, and calcium channel blockers.

Complications

If left untreated, hypertension can lead to serious health problems, including:

• Heart disease
• Stroke
• Kidney failure
• Vision loss

Prevention

Preventing hypertension involves adopting a healthy lifestyle, such as eating a balanced diet, exercising regularly, and avoiding tobacco and excessive alcohol use.

See Also

• Cardiovascular disease
• Blood pressure
• Heart attack

External Links

• World Health Organization: Hypertension
• CDC: High Blood Pressure

Leiv Kreyberg (17 April 1896 – 1984) was a prominent Norwegian pathologist known for his significant contributions to the field of medicine, particularly in the study of cancer. His work has had a lasting impact on the understanding and treatment of various forms of cancer, making him a key figure in medical history. Born in Oslo, Norway, Kreyberg pursued his medical education at the University of Oslo, where he later became a professor and led the pathology department. Throughout his career, Kreyberg focused on the microscopic study of cancer tissues, which led to the development of new diagnostic methods and treatments. His research was instrumental in identifying the differences between various types of lung cancer, a distinction that is crucial for effective treatment planning. Kreyberg's most notable contribution is the Kreyberg classification, a system for categorizing lung cancers based on their histological appearance. This classification has been a cornerstone in the field of oncology, aiding pathologists and oncologists in diagnosing and treating lung cancer more effectively. In addition to his work on cancer, Kreyberg was also involved in research on occupational diseases, particularly those affecting workers in the asbestos and nickel industries. His studies in this area highlighted the link between occupational exposure to certain substances and the development of cancer, leading to improved workplace safety standards and regulations. Throughout his career, Kreyberg received numerous accolades for his contributions to medicine and science. He was a member of several prestigious medical societies and organizations, both in Norway and internationally. Kreyberg's legacy continues to influence the field of pathology and oncology, with his research still being cited and studied by medical professionals today. His dedication to understanding cancer at a microscopic level has paved the way for advancements in diagnosis and treatment, benefiting countless patients around the world.