Leukosialin

Leukosialin (also known as CD43 or sialophorin) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SPN gene. It is a glycoprotein found on the surface of leukocytes (white blood cells) and plays a crucial role in the immune response and cell adhesion.

Structure

Leukosialin is a type of transmembrane protein, meaning it spans the entire cell membrane. It is heavily glycosylated, with many attached carbohydrate chains. This glycosylation is thought to protect the protein from proteolysis, or breakdown by enzymes.

Function

Leukosialin is involved in several key processes in the immune system. It aids in the movement of leukocytes, helping them to migrate to sites of inflammation or infection. It also plays a role in T cell activation, a crucial step in the immune response.

Clinical significance

Mutations in the SPN gene can lead to a lack of functional leukosialin, which can cause a rare genetic disorder known as Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome. This syndrome is characterized by a weakened immune system, thrombocytopenia (low platelet count), and eczema.

Research

Research into leukosialin is ongoing, with scientists investigating its role in diseases such as cancer and autoimmune disease. Some studies suggest that it may be a potential target for cancer therapy.

See also

• Cluster of differentiation
• Glycoprotein
• Leukocyte
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome

References

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