Lima syndrome

Lima Syndrome is a psychological phenomenon that is observed in hostage situations. Named after an incident in Lima, Peru in 1996, it is the inverse of the more commonly known Stockholm Syndrome. In Lima Syndrome, the hostage-takers develop sympathy for their hostages, often leading to a less violent situation and a higher likelihood of peaceful resolution.

History

The term 'Lima Syndrome' was coined following a hostage crisis at the Japanese ambassador's residence in Lima, Peru in 1996. Members of the Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA) took hundreds of people hostage during a party at the ambassador's residence. However, within a few days, the hostage-takers had released most of the hostages, keeping only the highest-ranking individuals. This unexpected show of sympathy towards the hostages led to the identification of this psychological phenomenon.

Psychological Basis

The psychological basis of Lima Syndrome is thought to be rooted in the power dynamics of a hostage situation. Unlike Stockholm Syndrome, where hostages develop sympathy for their captors, Lima Syndrome sees the captors, who hold the power, developing sympathy for their hostages. This can occur due to a variety of factors, including empathy, guilt, or the realization of the humanity of the hostages.

In Popular Culture

Lima Syndrome has been depicted in various forms of media, including films, television shows, and books. It is often used as a plot device to humanize characters who would otherwise be seen as purely antagonistic.

See Also

• Stockholm Syndrome
• Hostage
• Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement