List of distinct cell types in the adult human body

List of Distinct Cell Types in the Adult Human Body

The human body is composed of trillions of cells, the basic unit of life. These cells vary in their structure and function. They are all derived from the same zygote, a single cell resulting from the fusion of an egg and sperm. This article provides a comprehensive list of distinct cell types in the adult human body.

Epithelial Cells

Epithelial cells are the cells that line the surfaces of the body. They form the skin and the inner lining of the digestive tract, respiratory tract, and blood vessels. Epithelial cells serve as a barrier between the body and its external environment, protecting it from pathogens and injury. They also play a role in absorption, secretion, and sensation.

File:Epithelial cells.jpg

Epithelial cells under a microscope

Nerve Cells

Nerve cells, also known as neurons, are the primary cells of the nervous system. They are responsible for receiving sensory input from the external world, sending motor commands to our muscles, and transforming and relaying the electrical signals at every step in between.

File:Nerve cells.jpg

Nerve cells under a microscope

Muscle Cells

Muscle cells, also known as myocytes, are specialized for contraction. They are responsible for all types of movement in the body, from the beating of the heart to the movement of the limbs.

File:Muscle cells.jpg

Muscle cells under a microscope

Blood Cells

Blood cells are the cells found in the blood and are divided into three main types: red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Red blood cells carry oxygen, white blood cells fight infections, and platelets help the blood to clot.

Blood cells under a microscope

Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that have the ability to differentiate into specialized cell types. They are found in various tissues and organs and play a crucial role in the body's ability to renew and repair its tissues.

File:Stem cells.jpg

Stem cells under a microscope

See Also

• Cell biology
• Human anatomy
• Human physiology

References

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