Lithobates clamitans

Lithobates clamitans, commonly known as the Green Frog, is a species of frog in the family Ranidae, found in the eastern half of Canada and the United States. It is a medium-sized frog characterized by its vibrant green color and the presence of a dorsal lateral ridge that runs down each side of its back. This species is highly adaptable and can be found in a variety of aquatic habitats, including ponds, lakes, marshes, and streams.

Description

The Green Frog is easily identifiable by its bright green skin, although some individuals may appear more bronze or brown. They typically have a white belly and a distinct tympanum (ear) that is larger in males than in females. Adult Green Frogs can reach a body length of 5 to 10 cm (2.0 to 3.9 in), with males generally being smaller than females. The dorsal lateral ridges are a key distinguishing feature, setting them apart from the closely related American Bullfrog, which lacks these ridges.

Habitat and Distribution

Lithobates clamitans is widely distributed across the eastern regions of North America. Its range extends from the Maritime provinces of Canada southward to the Gulf of Mexico and as far west as Texas and Oklahoma. The species is highly adaptable and can thrive in a wide range of aquatic environments, from permanent bodies of water like ponds and lakes to ephemeral habitats such as ditches and flooded fields.

Behavior and Ecology

Green Frogs are primarily aquatic and are excellent swimmers. They are known for their distinctive call, which sounds like the plucking of a loose banjo string, especially prominent during the mating season in late spring and early summer. They are opportunistic feeders, preying on a variety of invertebrates, including insects, spiders, and snails, as well as smaller frogs.

Reproduction occurs in water, where females lay eggs in large, gelatinous masses. Tadpoles emerge and undergo metamorphosis, transforming into juvenile frogs over the course of several months. Predators of Lithobates clamitans include snakes, birds, and larger amphibians.

Conservation Status

The Green Frog is listed as Least Concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) due to its wide distribution and large population. However, like many amphibians, it faces threats from habitat destruction, pollution, and climate change. Conservation efforts are focused on preserving aquatic habitats and monitoring populations for signs of decline.

See Also

• Amphibian
• Ranidae
• Habitat destruction
• Climate change