Liver cells

Liver Cells

The liver is a vital organ present in vertebrates and some other animals. It has a wide range of functions, including detoxification, protein synthesis, and the production of biochemicals necessary for digestion. The functional units of the liver are the liver cells or hepatocytes.

Structure[edit | edit source]

Hepatocytes make up 70-85% of the liver's mass. These are the primary liver cells that carry out a multitude of metabolic activities. Hepatocytes are polygonal in shape and are arranged in cords, separated by a space known as the sinusoid.

Function[edit | edit source]

Hepatocytes play a critical role in metabolism, detoxification, and protein synthesis. They are responsible for the production of bile, a substance needed to digest fats. Hepatocytes also metabolize carbohydrates and lipids, synthesize proteins and enzymes, and store vitamins and minerals.

In addition to these functions, hepatocytes play a significant role in the detoxification of the body. They have the ability to convert ammonia into urea, which is less toxic and can be excreted in the urine. They also metabolize drugs and toxins to make them more soluble for excretion.

Regeneration[edit | edit source]

One of the remarkable properties of hepatocytes is their ability to regenerate in response to injury. This regenerative capacity allows the liver to recover from a variety of injuries, including those caused by toxins, infections, or surgical removal.

Diseases[edit | edit source]

Diseases of the liver cells can lead to serious health problems. Hepatitis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer are some of the diseases that can affect hepatocytes. These diseases can lead to a decrease in the liver's ability to perform its functions and can result in serious health consequences.