Lymphadenectasis

Lymphadenectasis is a medical condition characterized by the abnormal enlargement of the lymph nodes. It is often associated with various diseases and conditions, including infections, cancer, and immune system disorders.

Causes

The primary cause of lymphadenectasis is an infection, which can be either localized or systemic. Bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens can cause the lymph nodes to swell as the body's immune system attempts to fight off the infection.

Cancer, particularly lymphoma and leukemia, can also cause lymphadenectasis. In these cases, the cancer cells multiply in the lymph nodes, causing them to enlarge.

Immune system disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus, can also cause lymphadenectasis. These conditions cause inflammation in various parts of the body, including the lymph nodes.

Symptoms

The primary symptom of lymphadenectasis is swollen lymph nodes. These can be felt as lumps under the skin, particularly in the neck, armpit, and groin areas. Other symptoms can include fever, night sweats, and unexplained weight loss.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of lymphadenectasis typically involves a physical examination, during which a doctor will check for swollen lymph nodes. Further tests may be required to determine the underlying cause of the swelling. These can include blood tests, imaging tests such as ultrasound or CT scan, and a biopsy of the affected lymph node.

Treatment

Treatment for lymphadenectasis depends on the underlying cause. If the cause is an infection, antibiotics or antiviral medications may be prescribed. If the cause is cancer, treatment may involve chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or surgery. If the cause is an immune system disorder, treatment may involve medications to reduce inflammation and suppress the immune system.

See also

• Lymphatic system
• Lymph node
• Lymphoma
• Leukemia