MDPV

Methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) is a psychoactive drug with stimulant properties that acts as a norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI). It was first developed in the 1960s by a team at Boehringer Ingelheim. MDPV came to the attention of the public and law enforcement in the mid-2000s due to its potential for misuse as a recreational drug. It is often associated with the street drug known as "bath salts."

Chemistry

MDPV is a derivative of pyrovalerone, a psychoactive drug with stimulant properties. Structurally, it is related to other drugs such as methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and falls within the chemical class of the cathinones. Its molecular formula is C16H21NO3, and it features a core cathinone structure where the phenyl ring is substituted at R3 with a methylenedioxy group.

Pharmacology

MDPV acts primarily as a potent reuptake inhibitor of both dopamine and norepinephrine, leading to increased concentrations of these neurotransmitters in the brain. This mechanism of action is similar to other known stimulants, including cocaine and the amphetamines. MDPV's ability to block the reuptake of these neurotransmitters results in stimulant effects, heightened alertness, euphoria, and increased energy.

Effects

The effects of MDPV can include both desirable and undesirable outcomes. Users may experience intense euphoria, increased sociability, heightened alertness, and increased energy. However, adverse effects are significant and can include psychosis, violent behavior, hyperthermia, and tachycardia. The drug has also been associated with severe psychiatric symptoms and potentially dangerous medical conditions such as rhabdomyolysis.

Legal Status

Due to its high potential for abuse and no recognized medical use, MDPV has been classified as a controlled substance in many countries. In the United States, it is classified as a Schedule I drug under the Controlled Substances Act, indicating a high potential for abuse and no accepted medical use.

See Also

• Cathinone
• Designer drug
• Drug abuse
• Neurotransmitter