MMP15

MMP15 or Matrix Metallopeptidase 15 is a human gene that encodes for the protein known as MMP15. This protein is part of the matrix metalloproteinase family, a group of enzymes responsible for the degradation of the extracellular matrix, which is crucial for the normal development and functioning of tissues and organs.

Function[edit | edit source]

MMP15 is a membrane-bound enzyme that plays a significant role in the breakdown of extracellular matrix in normal physiological processes such as embryonic development, reproduction, and tissue remodeling, as well as in disease processes such as arthritis and metastasis. It is capable of degrading fibronectin, laminin, collagen types IV and V, and elastin.

Clinical Significance[edit | edit source]

Alterations in the normal function of MMP15 have been associated with a variety of diseases. Overexpression of MMP15 has been observed in several types of cancer, including breast cancer, lung cancer, and colorectal cancer. It has also been implicated in the progression of atherosclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis.

Structure[edit | edit source]

The MMP15 protein is composed of several domains, including a propeptide domain, a catalytic domain, a hinge region, and a hemopexin-like domain. The catalytic domain contains the active site of the enzyme, which is responsible for its proteolytic activity.

Regulation[edit | edit source]

The activity of MMP15 is regulated at several levels, including gene expression, activation of the proenzyme, and inhibition by tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs).