MTF1

MTF1 (Metal Regulatory Transcription Factor 1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MTF1 gene. This gene is located on chromosome 1 at position p34.

Function

MTF1 is a transcription factor that binds to metal response elements (MREs) in the DNA sequence. It plays a crucial role in the regulation of metallothionein genes and other genes involved in metal homeostasis. MTF1 is activated in response to elevated levels of heavy metals such as zinc, cadmium, and copper.

Mechanism

Upon exposure to heavy metals, MTF1 translocates to the nucleus where it binds to MREs in the promoter regions of target genes. This binding initiates the transcription of genes that help in detoxifying and sequestering excess metals, thus protecting cells from metal toxicity.

Clinical Significance

Alterations in MTF1 function can lead to disorders related to metal metabolism. Overexpression or mutations in MTF1 may contribute to cancer progression by affecting cell proliferation and apoptosis.

Research

Studies have shown that MTF1 is involved in the cellular response to oxidative stress and hypoxia. It is also being investigated for its role in neurodegenerative diseases and cardiovascular diseases.

See Also

• Transcription factor
• Metallothionein
• Metal homeostasis

External Links

• MTF1 Gene - NCBI
• MTF1 Protein - UniProt

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