MTF1

MTF1 (Metal Response Element Binding Transcription Factor 1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MTF1 gene. This protein is a zinc finger transcription factor that binds to metal response elements (MREs) in the promoters of metal-regulated genes. It is a key regulator of heavy metal homeostasis and detoxification in mammals.

Function

MTF1 is a nuclear protein that binds to the metal regulatory elements (MREs) of a number of genes activated by exposure to heavy metals such as cadmium, zinc, and copper. It is involved in the transcriptional regulation of these genes, and thus plays a crucial role in the cellular response to metal ion stress.

Structure

The MTF1 protein contains six Cys2His2-type zinc finger domains, which allow it to bind to DNA. The zinc fingers are located towards the C-terminus of the protein, while the N-terminus is involved in transcriptional activation.

Clinical Significance

Mutations in the MTF1 gene have been associated with a variety of human diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. In particular, overexpression of MTF1 has been observed in several types of cancer, suggesting a potential role in tumorigenesis.

File:MTF1 structure.png

Structure of the MTF1 protein. The zinc fingers are shown in blue.

See Also

• Zinc finger
• Transcription factor
• Heavy metal (chemistry)