Chromosome 1

Chromosome 1 is the designation for the largest human chromosome. Humans normally have two copies of this chromosome. Chromosome 1 spans about 249 million nucleotide base pairs, the building blocks of DNA. It represents about 8% of the total DNA in human cells.

Structure[edit | edit source]

Chromosome 1 is metacentric, meaning its centromere is located roughly in the middle of the chromosome. It spans more than 249 million base pairs and is the largest human chromosome, accounting for approximately 8% of the total DNA in cells.

Genes[edit | edit source]

Chromosome 1 contains about 2000-2100 genes. These genes include OR4F5, the olfactory receptor gene, and PLOD1, which is associated with a type of Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome.

Diseases and disorders[edit | edit source]

Alterations and mutations on Chromosome 1 can lead to various medical conditions. These include: Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease, hepatocellular carcinoma, Gaucher disease, Glutaric acidemia, Porphyria, and Stickler syndrome.

Research[edit | edit source]

Chromosome 1 was the last human chromosome to be sequenced in 2006 as part of the Human Genome Project. The research on this chromosome has led to discoveries about the number of genes and their functions, which has furthered our understanding of the human body and its diseases.

File:Human chromosome 01 - 400-550 band.png

Human chromosome 1 - main features