Macrophage-stimulating protein

Macrophage-stimulating protein (MSP) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MST1 gene. MSP is a plasminogen-related serine protease that is expressed in the liver and secreted into the bloodstream. It is involved in various biological processes, including immune response, cell growth, and cell differentiation.

Function

MSP plays a crucial role in the immune system. It stimulates the macrophages, a type of white blood cell, to move towards sites of inflammation or infection. This process, known as chemotaxis, is essential for the body's defense against pathogens. MSP also promotes the phagocytosis of bacteria and apoptotic cells, further enhancing the immune response.

In addition to its role in the immune system, MSP is involved in the regulation of cell growth and differentiation. It can stimulate the growth of certain types of cells, while inhibiting the growth of others. This dual function makes MSP an important regulator of tissue homeostasis.

Clinical significance

Alterations in the MSP pathway have been implicated in several diseases, including cancer, autoimmune diseases, and chronic inflammatory diseases. In cancer, overexpression of MSP has been associated with increased tumor growth and metastasis. Conversely, loss of MSP function has been linked to autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.

See also

• Macrophage
• Immune system
• Inflammation
• Cancer
• Autoimmune disease
• Chronic inflammatory disease