Maha Shivaratri

Many legends explain the significance of Maha Shivaratri, one being it is the night of

Maha Shivaratri

Pashupatinath Temple

Maha Shivaratri is a significant Hindu festival celebrated annually in honor of the god Shiva. The festival is observed on the 13th night/14th day in the lunar month of Phalguna or Maagh (February or March in the Gregorian calendar). Maha Shivaratri means "the Great Night of Shiva" and marks the night when Shiva performs the heavenly dance of creation, preservation, and destruction. The festival is celebrated by offering Bael leaves to Shiva, all-day fasting, and an all-night vigil (jagaran).

Significance

Maha Shivaratri celebrates the convergence of Shiva and Shakti, the masculine and feminine energies which balance the world. It is believed that on this day, Shiva manifested in the form of a Lingam (phallic symbol representing Shiva), and thus the day is considered extremely auspicious. Devotees observe fasts, meditate, chant the sacred mantra "Om Namah Shivaya," and make offerings to Shiva Lingam as acts of devotion. The festival symbolizes the overcoming of darkness and ignorance in life and the world.

Rituals and Practices

The core ritual of Maha Shivaratri involves the worship of the Shiva Lingam. Devotees perform the traditional ritual bath for the Lingam with milk, honey, water, and bael leaves, representing purification of the soul. The worship continues throughout the night, with devotees keeping a vigil, singing hymns and praises in the name of Lord Shiva. Many also engage in various forms of Yoga and meditation, reflecting on ethics and virtues such as honesty, non-injury to others, charity, and forgiveness.

Celebrations Across India

In India, Maha Shivaratri is celebrated with great fervor. The festivities vary significantly across different regions but generally include temple visits, holy baths in rivers, and participation in fairs and cultural events. Some of the most famous celebrations take place in the temples of Varanasi, Somnath, Ujjain (home to one of the twelve Jyotirlinga sites), and in the state of Karnataka where the festival is known as "Shivaratri."

Global Observance

Maha Shivaratri is not only celebrated in India but also by the Hindu diaspora worldwide, including in Nepal, Sri Lanka, and by the Hindu communities in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia. The global observance includes temple rituals, social gatherings, and cultural programs, highlighting the widespread reverence for Shiva in the Hindu faith.

Environmental and Social Impact

In recent years, there has been a growing emphasis on the environmental impact of festival celebrations. Many communities now promote eco-friendly practices during Maha Shivaratri, such as the use of biodegradable materials for rituals and encouraging cleanliness drives post-celebration. Additionally, the festival is a time for social harmony and community service, with many volunteers participating in feeding the poor and other charitable activities.