Malacca

File:Lagu Rasmi Melaka - Melaka Maju Jaya.ogg

Malacca Sultanate Palace

Mao Kun map - Malacca

New Geographic Map of the Interior of Malaca WDL972

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Malacca 1630

Bastion Middleburg

Malacca (Malay: Melaka) is a state located in the southern region of the Malaysian Peninsula, next to the Strait of Malacca. It is one of the smallest states in Malaysia but is considered one of the most historic. Due to its strategic location, Malacca was an important trading port in Southeast Asia during the 15th and 16th centuries, under the influence of the Malacca Sultanate. The city of Malacca is known for its unique history and cultural heritage, making it a UNESCO World Heritage site since 7 July 2008.

History

The history of Malacca begins with the establishment of the Malacca Sultanate in the 14th century. It was founded by Parameswara, a prince from the Srivijaya empire, who fled to the Malay Peninsula to escape the advance of Majapahit forces. Under the rule of Parameswara and his successors, Malacca became a key port in the spice trade, attracting traders from around the world including from China, India, the Arab world, and later, the Portuguese, Dutch, and British.

In 1511, Malacca fell to the Portuguese, marking the beginning of European colonial rule. The Dutch then took over in 1641, followed by the British in 1824, who ruled until Malaysia's independence in 1957. Each colonial period left a distinct mark on the state's architecture, culture, and cuisine.

Geography

Malacca is situated on the southwestern coast of the Malaysian Peninsula, bordering Negeri Sembilan to the north and Johor to the south. The state covers an area of approximately 1,664 square kilometers, making it the second smallest Malaysian state by land area. Its geographical position along the Strait of Malacca was instrumental in its development as a major trading port.

Culture

The culture of Malacca is a blend of indigenous Malay, Chinese, Indian, Portuguese, Dutch, and British influences. This multicultural heritage is reflected in its architecture, with historic buildings such as the A Famosa fortress, St. Paul's Hill and the Stadthuys standing as testaments to its varied past. Malacca is also known for its traditional dishes, such as Nyonya cuisine, a fusion of Chinese and Malay cooking styles.

Economy

Today, Malacca's economy is based on manufacturing, tourism, and services. The state has several industrial areas that produce electronics, chemical products, and textiles. Tourism is a major economic driver, with Malacca's rich history and cultural heritage attracting millions of visitors each year.

Tourism

Key attractions in Malacca include the Jonker Street, known for its antique shops and night market; the Malacca River, which offers river cruises; and the Baba & Nyonya Heritage Museum, which showcases the history of the Chinese-Malays community in Malacca. The state's historic center was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site for its well-preserved buildings and streetscapes that tell the stories of its past.

Transport

Malacca is accessible by road from Kuala Lumpur and Singapore, making it a popular weekend destination for residents of both cities. The state does not have its own airport; the nearest major airport is in Kuala Lumpur.

See Also

• History of Malaysia
• Straits of Malacca
• Malay Sultanates