Malgaigne's fracture
Malgaigne's fracture is a type of pelvic fracture that involves a double vertical fracture of the pelvis. It is named after the French surgeon Joseph-François Malgaigne, who first described this injury in the 19th century.
Anatomy[edit | edit source]
The pelvis is a ring-like structure located at the base of the spine, which is made up of several bones: the sacrum, the coccyx, and the left and right hip bones. Each hip bone is further divided into three parts: the ilium, the ischium, and the pubis. Malgaigne's fracture typically involves fractures of the pubic rami and the ilium.
Mechanism of Injury[edit | edit source]
Malgaigne's fractures are usually caused by high-energy trauma, such as motor vehicle accidents or falls from a significant height. The force of the impact causes a vertical shear force that splits the pelvis into two halves.
Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
Diagnosis of a Malgaigne's fracture is typically made through a combination of physical examination and imaging studies. X-rays and CT scans are commonly used to visualize the fracture and assess its severity.
Treatment[edit | edit source]
Treatment of Malgaigne's fractures depends on the severity of the injury and the patient's overall health status. Non-operative treatment may include pain management and physical therapy. In more severe cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to stabilize the pelvis and prevent further injury.
Prognosis[edit | edit source]
The prognosis for a Malgaigne's fracture depends on the severity of the fracture and the patient's overall health status. With appropriate treatment, many patients can make a full recovery. However, complications such as infection, blood clots, and nerve damage can occur.
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD