Matricaria discoidea

Matricaria discoidea

Matricaria discoidea, commonly known as pineappleweed, wild chamomile, or disc mayweed, is a flowering plant in the Asteraceae family. This plant is native to Northeast Asia but has become a common invasive species in North America and other parts of the world. It is notable for its distinctive pineapple-like scent when crushed, hence the name pineappleweed.

Description

Matricaria discoidea is an annual herb that grows to a height of 15–30 cm. The leaves are fern-like, finely divided, and green, giving off a strong pineapple scent when crushed. The plant flowers from early summer to late autumn. Unlike its relative, the chamomile, pineappleweed does not have white ray florets. Its flowers are yellow, spherical, and composed of disk florets only.

Habitat and Distribution

Originally from Northeast Asia, Matricaria discoidea has spread to many parts of the world, including North America and Europe, where it is often found in disturbed sites such as roadsides, parking lots, and compacted soils in urban areas. It prefers sunny locations and can tolerate poor, compacted soils and drought conditions.

Uses

While often considered a weed in many regions, Matricaria discoidea has several uses. It is edible, with the flowers and leaves being used in salads, as a flavoring, and to make a herbal tea that resembles chamomile tea in flavor. In traditional medicine, it has been used for its supposed soothing and anti-inflammatory properties.

Ecology

Matricaria discoidea plays a role in the ecosystem as a pioneer species, colonizing disturbed soils and providing ground cover that can help reduce soil erosion. It also serves as a food source for various insects and pollinators.

Control

In areas where Matricaria discoidea is considered invasive, control measures may include manual removal, mowing before seed set, and the use of herbicides, though its ability to grow in harsh conditions can make management difficult.