Matrilin-2

Matrilin-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MATN2 gene. It is a member of the matrilin family, which plays a significant role in the extracellular matrix (ECM) of connective tissues. Matrilin-2 is particularly important for the formation and maintenance of various tissues, including cartilage, bone, and the interstitial matrix of the peripheral nervous system.

Structure

Matrilin-2 is a large, multidomain protein that consists of one von Willebrand factor A domain, four epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like domains, and one coiled-coil domain. This structure allows matrilin-2 to engage in multiple interactions with other ECM proteins, such as collagens, proteoglycans, and other matrilins, facilitating the assembly of the ECM and influencing tissue structure and function.

Function

The primary function of matrilin-2 is to mediate the interactions between cells and the ECM, a critical aspect of tissue organization, integrity, and repair. By binding to other ECM components, matrilin-2 contributes to the formation of a complex and highly organized network that supports tissue architecture and function. Additionally, matrilin-2 has been implicated in various cellular processes, including cell adhesion, migration, and proliferation, which are essential for tissue development, maintenance, and repair.

Clinical Significance

Alterations in the expression or structure of matrilin-2 have been associated with several pathological conditions. For instance, aberrant expression of matrilin-2 has been observed in various forms of cancer, including breast cancer, lung cancer, and glioma, suggesting a role in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. Furthermore, due to its involvement in ECM organization, matrilin-2 has been studied in the context of fibrotic diseases and tissue repair, indicating its potential as a therapeutic target in fibrosis and wound healing processes.

Research

Ongoing research is focused on elucidating the precise mechanisms by which matrilin-2 contributes to tissue homeostasis and pathology. Studies employing genetic models, such as Matn2 knockout mice, have provided valuable insights into the role of matrilin-2 in development and disease. Additionally, investigations into the interactions between matrilin-2 and other ECM components are shedding light on the complex network of protein-protein interactions that underlie ECM function and stability.

See Also

• Extracellular matrix
• Protein
• Gene
• Collagen
• Proteoglycan