Melaleuca quinquenervia

Melaleuca quinquenervia, commonly known as the Broad-leaved paperbark, Paper bark tea tree, Punk tree, or Niaouli, is a plant species in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae. It is native to New Caledonia, Papua New Guinea, and the eastern coast of Australia.

Description

Melaleuca quinquenervia is a small to medium-sized tree, typically growing to a height of 15–25 m. The bark is thick, fibrous, and spongy, peeling off in large, thin, papery sheets. The leaves are arranged alternately, 75–210 mm long, and 15–35 mm wide. The flowers are cream or white, and are arranged in spikes on the ends of branches.

Distribution and habitat

Melaleuca quinquenervia is found in a variety of habitats, including coastal areas, swamps, and riverbanks. It is particularly associated with wetlands and is often a dominant species in swamp forests. In its native range, it is a common and widespread species.

Uses

The tree has a number of uses. The bark is used for making paper and the wood is used for timber. The leaves are used in traditional medicine and the essential oil extracted from them has antimicrobial properties. The tree is also used in landscaping and for erosion control.

Invasive species

In some areas outside its native range, such as Florida, Melaleuca quinquenervia has become an invasive species. It was introduced to Florida in the early 20th century for use in the development of the Everglades. However, it has since spread rapidly and is now considered a major threat to the native ecosystems.

Conservation

In its native range, Melaleuca quinquenervia is not considered to be at risk. However, in areas where it has become invasive, efforts are being made to control its spread and to restore native habitats.

See also

• Invasive species in the United States
• List of Melaleuca species