Melanin-concentrating hormone receptor

Melanin-concentrating hormone receptor (MCHR) is a type of G protein-coupled receptor that binds to the melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH). MCH receptors are involved in a variety of physiological functions, including the regulation of food intake, energy balance, and sleep-wake cycle.

Function

MCHR is primarily expressed in the central nervous system, particularly in the hypothalamus, a region of the brain involved in the regulation of body temperature, hunger, and thirst. The binding of MCH to its receptor triggers a series of intracellular events that ultimately influence these physiological processes.

Types

There are two known types of MCHR: MCHR1 and MCHR2. Both types are G protein-coupled receptors, but they differ in their distribution and function in the body. MCHR1 is widely expressed in the brain and is involved in the regulation of food intake and energy balance. MCHR2, on the other hand, is primarily found in the skin and hair follicles, where it plays a role in the regulation of pigmentation.

Clinical significance

Alterations in the function of MCHR have been implicated in a variety of disorders, including obesity, sleep disorders, and mood disorders. For example, overactivity of the MCH-MCHR1 pathway has been associated with increased food intake and weight gain, suggesting that this pathway could be a potential target for the treatment of obesity.

See also

• Melanin-concentrating hormone
• G protein-coupled receptor
• Hypothalamus

References

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