Meldonium

Meldonium

Meldonium is a pharmacological substance often used in the treatment of ischemia, a condition characterized by reduced blood flow to the body's organs. It was developed by the Latvian pharmaceutical company Grindeks and is known also by the brand name Mildronate.

History

Meldonium was first developed in the 1970s by Ivars Kalvins, a scientist at the Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis. It was originally intended to promote growth and improve muscle and bone strength in livestock. However, it was soon discovered to have potential benefits for human health, particularly in the treatment of cardiovascular disease.

Medical Uses

Meldonium is primarily used in the treatment of ischemia and angina, conditions caused by inadequate blood flow to the heart. It works by altering the body's metabolism of fatty acids, leading to an increase in the formation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the body's main energy source. This helps to improve the efficiency of the heart and other organs, and reduces symptoms such as chest pain and fatigue.

In addition to its use in cardiovascular disease, Meldonium has also been used in the treatment of neurological disorders, including stroke and dementia. Some studies have suggested that it may have neuroprotective effects, although further research is needed in this area.

Controversies

Meldonium gained international attention in 2016 when it was added to the World Anti-Doping Agency's (WADA) list of banned substances. This followed reports that it was being used by athletes as a performance-enhancing drug. The most high-profile case involved Russian tennis player Maria Sharapova, who was suspended from competition after testing positive for the substance.

See Also

• Pharmacology
• Ischemia
• World Anti-Doping Agency
• Maria Sharapova