Methyl benzoate

Methyl benzoate is an organic compound with the chemical formula C₇H₆O₂. It is a methyl ester derived from benzoic acid. This colorless liquid is sparingly soluble in water, but miscible with organic solvents. It has a pleasant odor, reminiscent of some fruits and flowers, and is used in perfumery and as a flavoring agent. Methyl benzoate is also employed as a solvent and an intermediate in the synthesis of other chemical compounds.

Properties

Methyl benzoate has a melting point of -12.5 °C and a boiling point of 199.6 °C. Its density is 1.094 g/cm³. The compound is less dense than water, which allows it to float on water's surface. It has a sweet, floral scent, which has been described as similar to that of ylang-ylang or jasmine.

Synthesis

Methyl benzoate can be synthesized through the esterification reaction of benzoic acid with methanol, in the presence of a strong acid catalyst such as sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid. This process is known as Fischer esterification. The reaction is reversible, and the yield can be improved by removing the water formed during the reaction.

Uses

Methyl benzoate is widely used in the flavor and fragrance industry due to its pleasant aroma. It is a component of various flower and fruit flavors and fragrances, used in perfumes, soaps, and cosmetics. In addition to its use in the consumer goods industry, methyl benzoate serves as a solvent for the synthesis of other organic compounds. It is also used in the preparation of certain dyes and pharmaceuticals.

Safety

Methyl benzoate is considered to be moderately toxic. It can cause irritation to the skin, eyes, and respiratory system upon exposure. Proper handling and protective equipment are recommended when working with this chemical. It is also important to work in a well-ventilated area to avoid inhalation of vapors.

Environmental Impact

While methyl benzoate is not considered a major environmental pollutant, it can contribute to the organic content of wastewater and should be disposed of properly. Biodegradation in soil and water is possible, leading to its breakdown into less harmful substances.