Methyldihydromorphine

Methyldihydromorphine, also known as Paramorfan, is a semi-synthetic opioid analgesic developed in Germany in 1947. It is one of the stronger opioids, approximately 1.2 times the potency of morphine. It is used for the relief of moderate to severe pain, either alone or in combination with other analgesics.

Chemistry

Methyldihydromorphine is a derivative of morphine. It is synthesized by the methylation of dihydromorphine. The chemical structure of methyldihydromorphine is similar to that of morphine, with the addition of two hydrogen atoms and a methyl group.

Pharmacology

Methyldihydromorphine acts on the mu opioid receptor, producing analgesia, sedation, and euphoria. It also has effects on the kappa opioid receptor, which can cause dysphoria and hallucinations at high doses. The drug has a high potential for addiction and dependence.

Medical Use

Methyldihydromorphine is used for the treatment of severe pain, such as that caused by cancer or severe injury. It is also used in palliative care, to relieve the symptoms of terminal illnesses. The drug is usually administered orally, but can also be given by injection.

Side Effects

Common side effects of methyldihydromorphine include nausea, vomiting, constipation, and drowsiness. More serious side effects can include respiratory depression, low blood pressure, and addiction.

Legal Status

In many countries, methyldihydromorphine is a controlled substance, due to its potential for abuse and addiction. In the United States, it is a Schedule II drug under the Controlled Substances Act.

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Chemical structure of methyldihydromorphine

See Also

• Opioid
• Morphine
• Dihydromorphine
• Controlled Substances Act