Miglitol
Information about Miglitol[edit source]
Miglitol is an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor which decreases intestinal absorption of carbohydrates and is used as an adjunctive therapy in the management of type 2 diabetes.
Liver safety of Miglitol[edit source]
Miglitol has not been linked to instances of clinically apparent acute liver injury.
Mechanism of action of Miglitol[edit source]
Miglitol is an inhibitor of intestinal alpha-glucosidase which results in a decrease in intestinal absorption of starch, disaccharides and dextrin. The inhibition of glucosidase activity in the intestinal brush border blocks the breakdown of starch and disaccharides to absorbable monosaccharides, leading to carbohydrate malabsorption and blunting of the postprandial rise in blood glucose. Miglitol
FDA approval information for Miglitol[edit source]
Miglitol was approved for use in the United States in 1996 and was the second a-glucosidase inhibitor (after acarbose) introduced into clinical practice. The current indications are for management of glycemic control in type 2 diabetes used combination with diet and exercise with or without other oral hypoglycemic agents or insulin. Miglitol is available generically and under the brand name Glyset in tablets of 25, 50 and 100 mg.
Dosage and administration for Miglitol[edit source]
The typical initial dose in adults is 25 mg with each meal (with the first bite) followed by a gradual increase to a maximum of 100 mg three times daily.
Side effects of Miglitol[edit source]
Miglitol causes malabsorption and gastrointestinal side effects are most common and flatulence, diarrhea, abdominal boating and rash.
Antidiabetics
- Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors
- Incretin-Based Drugs
- Insulin
- Metformin
- Metiglinide Analogues
- Pramlintide
- Sodium Glucose Cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) Inhibitors
- Sulfonylureas
- First Generation Sulfonylureas
- Acetohexamide
- Chlorpropamide
- Tolazamide
- Tolbutamide
- Second Generation Sulfonylureas
- Gliclazide
- Glimepiride
- Glipizide
- Glyburide (Glibenclamide)
- First Generation Sulfonylureas
- Thiazolidinediones
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
