Modified vaccinia Ankara
Modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) is a highly attenuated strain of the vaccinia virus that has been developed as a vaccine vector for its safety profile and potent immune responses it elicits.
History[edit | edit source]
MVA was initially developed in the 1960s at the University of Ankara, Turkey, by serial passage of vaccinia virus in chicken embryo fibroblasts. This resulted in a virus that is unable to replicate in most mammalian cells, but can still stimulate a strong immune response.
Characteristics[edit | edit source]
MVA is characterized by its inability to replicate in most mammalian cells, making it a safer alternative to other vaccinia strains. Despite this, it is still able to express foreign genes inserted into its genome, allowing it to be used as a vector for vaccines against various diseases.
Use in Vaccines[edit | edit source]
MVA has been used as a vector in a number of experimental vaccines, including those for HIV, malaria, and tuberculosis. It is also the basis for the smallpox vaccine currently stockpiled by the United States government.
Safety[edit | edit source]
Due to its inability to replicate in most mammalian cells, MVA is considered to be a very safe vaccine vector. It has been administered to thousands of individuals in clinical trials without serious adverse effects.
Future Directions[edit | edit source]
Research is ongoing to further improve the safety and efficacy of MVA-based vaccines. This includes efforts to increase the immunogenicity of MVA vectors and to develop methods for large-scale production.
See Also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
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Credits:Most images are courtesy of Wikimedia commons, and templates Wikipedia, licensed under CC BY SA or similar.Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD