Mountebank

Mountebank

A mountebank is a historical term referring to a person who deceives others, especially in order to trick them out of their money. The term is often associated with charlatans, quacks, and con artists who would sell fraudulent medicines and treatments. The word "mountebank" is derived from the Italian phrase "monta in banco," which means "to mount a bench." This refers to the practice of standing on a bench to attract a crowd and sell wares.

History

Mountebanks were common in Europe during the Renaissance and Early Modern period. They would travel from town to town, setting up temporary stalls in marketplaces and fairs. These individuals often used elaborate performances, including magic tricks, comedy, and music, to draw in audiences. Once a crowd had gathered, the mountebank would begin to sell their products, which were often touted as miraculous cures for a wide range of ailments.

Techniques

Mountebanks employed various techniques to convince people to buy their products. These included:

• **Showmanship**: Using theatrical performances to captivate the audience.
• **Testimonials**: Employing accomplices to pose as satisfied customers.
• **Scarcity**: Creating a sense of urgency by claiming limited availability of the product.
• **Scientific Jargon**: Using complex terminology to give an appearance of legitimacy.

Products Sold

The products sold by mountebanks were often referred to as patent medicines. These were typically concoctions of herbs, alcohol, and other ingredients, and were claimed to cure a wide range of diseases. Common products included:

• Elixirs
• Tinctures
• Nostrums
• Panaceas

Decline

The practice of mountebankery began to decline with the advent of modern medicine and the establishment of regulatory bodies such as the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the United States. Increased public awareness and scientific advancements also contributed to the decline of mountebanks.

Cultural Impact

Mountebanks have been depicted in various works of literature, theatre, and art. They are often portrayed as cunning tricksters or comedic figures. Notable examples include:

• Molière's play The Imaginary Invalid
• Ben Jonson's play Volpone

Related Pages

• Charlatan
• Quackery
• Con artist
• Patent medicine
• Snake oil
• Pseudoscience