Multifocal choroiditis and panuveitis

Multifocal Choroiditis and Panuveitis (MCP) is a rare, chronic, inflammatory disorder that affects the eye. It is characterized by multiple, small, round, yellowish-white lesions in the choroid, the vascular layer of the eye, and inflammation of the uvea, the middle layer of the eye.

Etiology

The exact cause of MCP is unknown. However, it is believed to be an autoimmune disease, where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own tissues. Some researchers suggest that it may be triggered by an infection or exposure to certain environmental factors.

Symptoms

Patients with MCP often present with blurred vision, floaters, and scotoma (blind spots in the visual field). These symptoms may be accompanied by photopsia (flashes of light) and metamorphopsia (distorted vision). The symptoms can vary in severity and may affect one or both eyes.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of MCP is based on a thorough eye examination, including fundus photography, fluorescein angiography, and optical coherence tomography. These tests can help to identify the characteristic lesions and inflammation associated with the condition.

Treatment

Treatment for MCP aims to control the inflammation and prevent vision loss. This typically involves the use of corticosteroids and other immunosuppressive drugs. In some cases, laser photocoagulation or vitrectomy may be required.

Prognosis

The prognosis for MCP is variable. Some patients may experience a gradual loss of vision, while others may maintain good visual acuity. Regular follow-up with an ophthalmologist is essential to monitor the condition and adjust treatment as necessary.

See also

• Uveitis
• Choroiditis
• Autoimmune disease